Allocation by age — which stocks/bonds mix to choose
Classic rule — 100 minus your age
Simple rule: % stocks = 110 - age (was 100, modernized to 110 with longer life expectancy).
30 → 80% stocks, 20% bonds. 60 → 50%/50%.
20s — 100% stocks
40-45 year horizon. You can handle all volatility. 100% global stock ETF maximizes expected return (7-9%).
Popular: XEQT, VEQT, ZEQT (MER ~0.20%).
30s — 80/20 or 90/10
35 year horizon. Slight bond allocation to cushion crashes.
Choices: VGRO, XGRO.
40s — 70/30
25 year horizon. Balance starts mattering.
50s — 60/40
15 year horizon. Reducing volatility becomes priority.
Choices: VBAL, XBAL.
60s — 50/50 or 40/60
Pre-retirement. 2-3 year cash buffer for sequence risk.
Choices: VCNS, XCNS.
70s+ — 40/60 or 30/70
Late retirement. Crash protection priority. But keep 30-40% stocks to beat long-term inflation.
Variables to adjust
- Psychological risk tolerance
- Income / job security
- Total wealth
Frequently Asked Questions
XEQT at 60, too risky?
For most: yes. Even with 30 years retirement, 40% year 1 crash can ruin it. Better: VBAL.
Really need 30% bonds at 30?
Depends on profile. Many experts (Vanguard, Bogleheads) recommend 100% stocks young.
How often to rebalance?
1-2x/year or at > 5% drift from target.
VGRO vs XGRO?
Same components (global 80/20). Differences negligible.